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2026年8月14日 · 中文

From "Thirty Two" to "Twenty Two": Documentary Memory of the "Comfort Women"

This article traces the documentary lineage from “Thirty Two” (2014) to “Twenty Two” (2017), films that center the voices of surviving “comfort women” in China. It examines how these restrained, survivor-focused works have shaped public memory of the issue.

This article traces the documentary lineage from "Thirty Two" (2014) to "Twenty Two" (2017), films that center the voices of surviving "comfort women" in China.

I. The films: "Thirty Two" (2014) documented the lives of survivors then numbering 32; "Twenty Two" (2017) recorded the 22 survivors alive at that time and was released in mainland China on August 14, 2017. (Sources: Xinhua interview with Guo Ke; public reports)

II. Significance: The documentaries use restrained, survivor-centered storytelling, becoming important works of visual documentation. In 2016, materials from "Thirty Two" were donated to the Nanjing Lijixiang memorial. (Source: The Paper 2016-04-12)

III. Film and memory: Visual records complement oral history. The SNU Center has conducted oral history compilation for over 20 years.

(Sources: Xinhua; The Paper 2016-04-12; SNU official website. Data date: 2017.)